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Innovative Depression Treatments Many sufferers of depression struggle to find an effective treatment for them. Some experience a lack of response to medication or experience uncontrollable adverse effects. The intrinsic health benefits of expanded treatment coverage are estimated to be substantial (table 2). The discounted value of these benefits is $399 billion for depression and $169 billion for anxiety disorders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) TMS utilizes a magnet field to deliver brief pulses of electricity to specific brain regions that appear to be overactive in depression patients. The therapy is noninvasive, and doesn't require anesthesia. It's also highly effective and well tolerated as compared to antidepressant drugs. The person who receives TMS is sitting in a chair similar to a dentist's chair. A trained technician puts the device that has an electromagnetic coil against the frontal area of the head. The coil is able to pulse rapidly, and the person may be able to feel or hear a click sound on their scalp. Each magnetic pulse is known as”a “pulse” and the frequency of the pulses (measured in hertz or Hz) can vary from low (1 pulse per second) to high (10 pulses per second). The treatment is not painful however the magnetic field does affect the cells of the outer layer. It depolarizes cortical neuronal cells, and the subsequent transynaptic effects can affect the deeper brain regions that are involved in mood. For instance, higher-frequency TMS in the left DLPFC can boost mesolimbic neuron activity which regulate emotional responses. Certain insurance plans provide TMS as an alternative to psychiatric medication. It's important to check with your insurance provider to find out what benefits your specific plan covers. In clinical trials, TMS showed significant and long-lasting improvements in depression symptoms when compared with placebo. A patient may receive up to 30 TMS sessions over the period of several weeks. Patients suffering from more severe depression may need more time to complete their treatment. Some of the newer TMS treatments employ the use of a lower frequency pulse which is less likely to trigger adverse effects like seizures. While the method is still in the early stages of development however, it's an effective treatment alternative for patients who are not responding to antidepressants or psychotherapy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) The brain's natural chemicals are balanced with ECT. It is among the most safe and effective treatments for depression. It can be used to treat other mental health conditions such as schizophrenia. The ECT procedure is performed in a hospital or an outpatient treatment center. The procedure is performed by medical experts. A general anaesthetic is administered prior to the procedure, which means you will not feel any pain. The ECT team will connect monitoring equipment to keep track of your heart rate and blood pressure, oxygen levels and brain waves. You will receive an anti-muscle relaxant and a mouthguard to protect your teeth. Two discs of metal (bilateral ECT) or one disc (unilateral ECT) is placed on your head on either side or in the middle of your forehead. The anaesthetist then gives you a shot of medication that will put you to sleep. You will be awakened in the ECT room. A member of the ECT staff will answer any questions you have. You will be asked to complete a consent form prior to you undergo the treatment. It is a good idea to have a trusted friend or a relative present when you learn about ECT treatment, as it may be difficult to take in all the information in one go. You should have at least 24 hours before you are forced to make a decision regarding the treatment. During the procedure, you will be able to experience brief seizures or fits, which last just 40 seconds to two minutes. The ECT doctor will adjust your electrical pulses according to the way you react. You may be required to take short sessions of ECT. Usually 6-12 sessions are scheduled two times a week. It is not clear how ECT functions. It appears to trigger the release certain chemicals that aid brain cells to communicate. It also appears to change how brain cells grow. ECT is extremely effective in treating severe depression, suicidal thoughts and catatonia that is secondary to depression, and other mental disorders. Research shows that about half of patients who receive ECT improve and remain healthy for an entire year or more. It is especially helpful for those who have not responded to medication and other psychosocial treatment. Deep brain stimulation (DBS). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure which involves implanting electrodes into the brain. The electrodes are attached to tiny devices that send electrical impulses to the region of your brain which controls symptoms. The electrical pulses can help ease your symptoms and improve your quality of life. DBS can treat many conditions, including movement disorders like essential tremor or Parkinson's as well as psychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. It can also help reduce seizures in people with epilepsy. It is also employed to treat severe pain caused by nerve and brain conditions. DBS is an option that can be combined with ECT or other treatments for TRD. However, it is important to remember that not all patients benefit from DBS. Certain patients don't see any improvement in their symptoms, and some may even experience a worsening of their depression. This non-response may be due to a mix of factors including patient-related ones, such a personality traits or psychiatric co-morbidity, as well as clinical factors like a misdiagnose or a poor DBS goal. Researchers utilized a machine learning algorithm to classify the changes in LFPs recorded during intraoperative DBS. The results showed that the reduction in depression symptoms was associated with changes in beta power. These results suggest that DBS can be used to predict antidepressant effects. natural remedies for depression www.iampsychiatry.com needs to be further tested through research. DBS is a well-established treatment for movement disorders and is also used to treat a growing number of mental health issues. However, it's not widely used as a treatment for depression. The FDA has approved DBS to decrease seizures in patients with difficult-to-treat Epilepsy. Research is currently being conducted to determine whether DBS can be used in treating depression. It is recommended to discuss the DBS procedure with a neurologist before undergoing it. Your neurologist will evaluate you and recommends the best treatment for you. The doctor will also advise you of the potential risks and benefits associated with DBS. It is also important to inquire about any tests or preparations you might require before the procedure. It is likely that you will require an imaging test, blood test and other tests prior to the procedure. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive behavioral therapy has been proven to be effective in various outcomes studies. It is typically employed as a stand-alone treatment, however it can be combined with medications in some instances. CBT is a kind of psychotherapy that assists you to change negative thoughts and behaviors contributing to depression. It is based on the theory that the way you see and react to situations is more important than the situation itself. It is an active form of psychotherapy which focuses on problem-solving by identifying and modifying unhelpful thinking patterns and identifying thoughts that are not adapted to your needs. The purpose of CBT therapy is to help you become your own therapy. It does this by helping you alter your thinking and behave. It employs exercises and home sessions as well as out of session to teach new techniques. CBT is focused on current issues and problems and not past experiences or root causes. It requires some knowledge about your past to be able to address and comprehend issues that you face in the present. CBT is a short-term therapy that typically lasts 6 to 20 sessions. It is an empirically-based therapy and its duration is determined by whether you reach the goals established at the beginning of the therapy. It is an active therapy that requires a high level of commitment and work on your part. Other cognitive behavioral therapies may be beneficial to you. They include acceptance and commitment therapy that teaches you how to engage in positive behavior even when you are struggling with negative thoughts or emotions. dialectical behavior therapy, which deals with suicidal thoughts and self-injury, and interpersonal psychotherapy which is aimed to address relationship issues that contribute to depression. There are many exciting new treatments that could bring revolutionary results for people suffering from depression. Certain treatments are available. For instance, deep brain stimulation. A surgeon places electrodes in your brain to send painless pulses that alter the electrical activity that triggers your symptoms. But many other advances are still in the development phase, such as personalized medicine for depression, which could eventually end the trial-and-error method of finding what works best for you.